The following gives the deg values in a simple list:
Table[deg /. First@Solve[lineTA1[deg] == n, deg], {n, data}]
You get datum & deg pairs this way:
Table[{n, deg /. First@Solve[lineTA1[deg] == n, deg]}, {n, data}]
Since your equations are linear you may consider using LinearSolve instead of Solve, with a simpler syntax.
