The following Python file, named test.py is an example of how Mathematica can be called from Python via DOS:
import subprocess
import sys
wcode = 'StringReplace[ToString[Range[' + sys.argv[1] + ']],{ "{" -> "", "}" -> "", "," -> ""}]'
proc = subprocess.Popen(['wolframscript', '-code',wcode],stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
(out,err) = proc.communicate()
out = out.decode('ascii')
print(out)
in a cmd box, calling python test.py 5 gives 1 2 3 4 5
wolframscrpt's location had been added to the windows path
