https://community.wolfram.com RSS Feed for Wolfram Community showing ideas tagged with Logic and Boolean Algebra sorted by active. https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3673723 &[Wolfram Notebook][1] [1]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/c4a1ef8d-8d48-4bf8-abe0-0eac4501058d Tigran Nersissian 2026-04-03T02:25:29Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3671492 &[Wolfram Notebook][1] [1]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/1f196033-714a-413f-90e4-7b22075ea1f4 Tigran Nersissian 2026-03-30T09:44:23Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3647733 &[Wolfram Notebook][1] [1]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/b04b6551-fecf-465d-b02d-63d95abd751c Tigran Nersissian 2026-03-02T11:53:13Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3651601 &[Wolfram Notebook][1] [1]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/9c1d2066-2395-413c-bb7d-c4f9226eeeef Leslie Ann Goldberg 2026-03-06T17:55:51Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3607574 ![Ruliology of Boolean networks][1] &[Wolfram Notebook][2] [1]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=1073seed61.png&userId=3607526 [2]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/fe4c7154-2f5d-46d8-9b02-b95f14ff1e32 Matheo Tripnaux 2026-01-16T00:21:31Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/2182449 ![Introduction to infrared and electro-optical systems][1] &[Wolfram Notebook][2] [1]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=IntroductiontoInfraredandElectro-OpticalSystems,ThirdEdition.png&userId=20103 [2]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/7005dfd3-63f7-4c18-8a3f-314c4b40f5ae Mel Friedman 2021-02-02T14:54:53Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3587994 ![Introduction to quantum computing: part 2][1] &[Wolfram Notebook][2] [1]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=Introduction-to-quantum-computing.png&userId=20103 [2]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/3c003d3c-c34b-4896-a32c-3cbce0a20d12 Mohammad Bahrami 2025-12-09T10:38:18Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3585501 ![A school of swimming jellyfish: trigonometric and boolean rendering ][1] &[Wolfram Notebook][2] [1]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=fishyjelly2-ezgif.com-optimize.gif&userId=11733 [2]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/1650c140-fea8-42bf-ac77-ba7cd9a0a725 Vitaliy Kaurov 2025-12-04T11:45:25Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3526344 &[Wolfram Notebook][1] [1]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/98cc4b3a-ed96-49e9-9d14-70637ad73c34 Mohammad Bahrami 2025-08-07T00:39:45Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3520635 ![enter image description here][1] &[Wolfram Notebook][2] [1]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=ChatGPTImageJul29,2025,05_09_44AM%281%29%281%29.png&userId=3207931 [2]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/cae78eac-53c3-4269-bda5-26b490754341 Austin Jiang 2025-07-28T21:20:09Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3501676 ![Minimal assumptions for mathematics][1] &[Wolfram Notebook][2] [1]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=wsrp.png&userId=3501395 [2]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/4a31d663-2ce5-43c8-95b3-596657315c9a River Yu 2025-07-10T20:27:19Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3431395 ![Exploring 1D repeating logic gate arrays][1] &[Wolfram Notebook][2] [1]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=Gatearrays.gif&userId=20103 [2]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/d177367a-0239-43e8-bdbc-ea78ae6d7e5e Eric Parfitt 2025-03-24T17:11:26Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/1812359 Chinese article is published at https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/yH2UpAWKIlywIhhw7tNzbQ The **exhaustive method** can solve many problems. When the data size becomes larger, some optimization techniques are needed. Pruning is a common method. **Exhaustion + pruning** is a staple of the **backtrack** approach. Handling such problems in Mathematica is very succinct. Commonly used is to arrange combination functions (**Tuples**, **Permutations**, **Subsets**, etc.) with **Select**, or use list operations to **iterate**, often two or three lines can solve the problem. However, there are also disadvantages. These permutation and combination functions generate a large list at one time and are not lazy evaluation. The data size is large or even out of memory, and the speed is also not efficient. If you want to change the way you write, you will naturally think of using (multiple) **loops** or **recursion**. The efficiency of loops in Mathematica is not high, but it can be greatly accelerated with **Compile**. Compared to recursion, multiple loops are actually easier to be optimized by the compiler. In most programming languages, loops with many layers are nested in If layers, which is cumbersome to write, looks really impressive, but has poor scalability. So we need to avoid this. However, Mathematica has features such as "data is code, code is data, everything is expression" and good at symbolic calculation. We can easily perform **meta-programming** by writing codes to generate codes dynamically, and then compile. And thus speeding up the program, sometimes it is closed to the speed of the C language. ##Sudoku Game## ![enter image description here][1] Sudoku is a mathematical logic game. The game consists of 9×9 grids. Players need to infer the numbers of other grids according to the numbers provided by the grid. They need to meet every row, column, and every thick line (3×3). The numbers are all 1 - 9, not repeated. This kind of game only needs logical thinking ability, and has nothing to do with digital operations. Although the game is simple, the numbers provided are ever-changing, so many educators believe that Sudoku is a good way to exercise youths' brains. There are many ways to solve Sudoku. At present, the relevant Mathematica program found on the Internet could solve all solutions is often slow. Some faster programs can only get one solution.The following method is simple and rough which can get all the solutions, and the speed is also OK. It is not difficult to change to return only one solution, and can be further compiled into C code to accelerate. - Enter the Sudoku matrix and replace 0 (blank) with the symbol variable. ![enter image description here][2] - Obtain constraints based on Sudoku rules: ![enter image description here][3] - Construct an iterator specification based on constraints: ![enter image description here][4] - Create a compiled function and start the calculation, which is equivalent to performed a 60-layer Do loop: ![enter image description here][5] According to the above ideas, it is easy to package a function sudokuSolve, and solve all 50 Sudoku of [Project Euler's 96th problem][6]. It took about 1.5 seconds. To solve a multi-solution Sudoku (more than one million solutions), it took about 15 seconds. This test computer CPU is the mobile 9 generation i7. ![enter image description here][7] The above code can continue to be optimized, for example, some Sudoku will be faster after transposition or reversal, and interested readers can try to improve from this perspective. ##N queens problem ## ![enter image description here][8] The Eight Queens problem is an old and famous problem and is a typical case of backtracking algorithms. Place eight queens on 8×8 square chess so that they can't attack each other, that is, any two queens can't be in the same row, the same column or the same diagonal line. How many placement are there? The eight queens problem can be expanded to a more general n queen placement problem: the size of the board becomes n×n, and the number of queens becomes n. If you pursue succinct, you can get it in one line of code. However, as the number of queens increases, when n=12, the memory of the normal computer is not enough. Select[Permutations[v=Range@8],And@@Unequal@@@{#+v,#-v}&]//Length Output: > 92 Using an iterative version, when n=12, it takes 5 seconds, which is better than before, but it is not fast enough. With[{n=12}, Nest[Join@@Table[Append[a,b],{a,#}, {b,With[{t=Range[Length[a],1,-1]},Complement[Range[n],a-t,a,a+t]]}]&, {{}},n]]//Length//AbsoluteTiming Output: > {5.04642, 14200} With a multi-loop pruning version, when n=15, it takes only 3.6 seconds. Taking into account the **symmetry reduction**, some calculations take 2.4 seconds. For the sake of simplicity, only counting are considered here, and no specific solutions are collected. If you want to collect all the solutions, it takes only 4 seconds to use the Internal`Bag. n = 15; cf = With[{X = Symbol["x" <> ToString[#]] &}, Table[{X[j + 1], If[Or @@ Table[X[j] == X[j - i] || Abs[X[j] - X[j - i]] == i, {i, j - 1}] /. f : _Or :> Sort[f], 0, Evaluate@If[j < n, n, 1]]}, {j, n} ] ] /. {iter__} :> Compile[{{x1, _Integer}}, Module[{cnt = 0}, Do[cnt++, iter]; cnt], CompilationTarget -> "C", RuntimeOptions -> "Speed", RuntimeAttributes -> {Listable} ]; Total@cf@Range[n] // AbsoluteTiming 2 Total@Most[#] + If[OddQ[n], Last[#], 0] &@cf@Range[n/2 + 1] // AbsoluteTiming Output: >{3.66029, 2279184} >{2.41061, 2279184} As a comparison, two C language example programs on [Wikipedia][9] when n=15, take more than 3.7 seconds, using bits operation [optimization version][10] took 1.1 seconds, and the GCC compiler used by the C code opened the O3 optimization. ##Fourth-order magic square## ![enter image description here][11] Fill the 4×4 squares with the numbers 1~16 so that the sum of the rows, columns, and the two diagonals are equal. When such a feature is satisfied, it is called: fourth-order magic square. The general nature of the magic square is: the sum of each line of the magic square, the sum of each column, and the sum of the two diagonals are equal, which is equal to the **Magic constant** (the fourth-order Magic constant is 34). Solve all fourth-order magic squares, use the full-arranged search space is too large, and there are 16!=2.09228*10^13 different situations for 16 numbers. According to the nature of the magic square, you can solve the following indefinite equations first, and then traverse the 7 variables, thus reducing the combination to A(16,7) = 16! / 9! = 57657600, which greatly reduces the search volume. ![enter image description here][12] There is a magic function in MATLAB, which can easily generate magic square, but can only generate a single. To generate all the fourth-order magic square, Matlab's father Cleve Moler once wrote a related [blog post][13] and shared the code. And a related paper: [An Eficient Algorithm for Constructing all Magic Aquares of Order Four][14] is also implemented by using MATLAB. For the simplicity, the code is slightly modified to count only the number. In MATLAB R2019a, it took about 10 seconds to use **parallel computing** (the first time you start the parallel toolbox, you have to wait, and the timing has already been started). The corresponding Mathematica code is 4.4 seconds. ![enter image description here][15] Clear[cf]; cf = Compile[{{i1, _Integer}}, Module[{A, k = 0}, Do[ If[Or[i7 == i6, i7 == i5, i7 == i4, i7 == i3, i7 == i2, i7 == i1], Continue[]]; A = {i1, i2, i3, 34 - i1 - i2 - i3, i4, i5, i6, 34 - i4 - i5 - i6, i7, -34 + 2 i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 - i6 + i7, 68 - 2 i1 - i2 - i3 - i4 - i5 - i7, i5 + i6 - i7, 34 - i1 - i4 - i7, 68 - 2 i1 - 2 i2 - i3 - i4 - i5 + i6 - i7, -34 + 2 i1 + i2 + i4 + i5 - i6 + i7, -34 + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i7}; If[Sort@A == Range[16], k++], {i2, 16}, {i3, If[i2 == i1, 0, 16]}, {i4, If[Or[i3 == i2, i3 == i1], 0, 16]}, {i5, If[Or[i4 == i3, i4 == i2, i4 == i1], 0, 16]}, {i6, If[Or[i5 == i4, i5 == i3, i5 == i2, i5 == i1], 0, 16]}, {i7, If[Or[i6 == i5, i6 == i4, i6 == i3, i6 == i2, i6 == i1], 0, 16]}]; k], CompilationTarget -> "C", RuntimeOptions -> "Speed", RuntimeAttributes -> {Listable}]; Total@cf[Range[16]] // AbsoluteTiming Output: > {4.38459, 7040} After a better pruning, it takes less than 0.1 second. Clear[cf]; cf = Module[{A, F, cond, iter}, A = {i1, i2, i3, 34 - i1 - i2 - i3, i4, i5, i6, 34 - i4 - i5 - i6, i7, -34 + 2 i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 - i6 + i7, 68 - 2 i1 - i2 - i3 - i4 - i5 - i7, i5 + i6 - i7, 34 - i1 - i4 - i7, 68 - 2 i1 - 2 i2 - i3 - i4 - i5 + i6 - i7, -34 + 2 i1 + i2 + i4 + i5 - i6 + i7, -34 + i1 + i2 + i3 + i4 + i7}; F = Symbol["i" <> ToString[#]] &; cond = And @@ Thread[1 <= Complement[A, {i1, i2, i3, i4, i5, i6, i7}] <= 16] && Unequal @@ A // Not // LogicalExpand // Simplify; Print[TableForm[ iter = Table[{F[n + 1], If[Select[cond, F[n] == Last@Sort@Cases[#, _Symbol, -1] &], 0, Evaluate@If[n < 7, 16, 1]]}, {n, 7}]]]; Compile[{{i1, _Integer}}, Module[{B = Internal`Bag[Rest@{0}]}, Do[Internal`StuffBag[B, #, 1], ##2]; Internal`BagPart[B, All]~Partition~4~Partition~4 ], CompilationTarget -> "C", RuntimeOptions -> "Speed", RuntimeAttributes -> {Listable} ] &[A, Sequence @@ iter] ]; Length[res = Join @@ cf[Range[16]]] // AbsoluteTiming Output: > {0.0308292, 7040} A Notebook for this post below. [1]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=sudoku_20191024115400.png&userId=885473 [2]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=20191024112840.png&userId=885473 [3]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=20191024113248.png&userId=885473 [4]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=20191024113546.png&userId=885473 [5]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=20191024114024.png&userId=885473 [6]: https://projecteuler.net/problem=96 [7]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=20191024114357.png&userId=885473 [8]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=nqueens_20191024115548.png&userId=885473 [9]: https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/%E5%85%AB%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98#%E7%A4%BA%E4%BE%8B%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F [10]: https://blog.csdn.net/hackbuteer1/article/details/6657109 [11]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=magicsquare_20191024122429.jpg&userId=885473 [12]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=20191024122937.png&userId=885473 [13]: https://blogs.mathworks.com/cleve/2012/11/26/magic-squares-meet-supercomputing [14]: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/dcdb/c3d9e7e31b14d9f9c1a94d4678258f077917.pdf [15]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=matlabmagic4_20191024123837.png&userId=885473 Hongyang Cao 2019-10-24T05:09:23Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3392237 &[Wolfram Notebook][1] [1]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/3b72cc9b-a6c2-4ec8-9ed4-47e6d06ea716 Mohammad Bahrami 2025-02-11T19:47:39Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3215183 ![Torus graph with grid probing performed on it][1] &[Wolfram Notebook][2] [1]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=CoverImage.png&userId=3214738 [2]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/9f5f3991-4070-4937-98e2-6e4a2218775f David Wang 2024-07-11T18:47:11Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3216997 ![The depth plot of combinator evolution][1] &[Wolfram Notebook][2] [1]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=cover.png&userId=3207931 [2]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/1f85a2db-6b22-40d1-a831-97927c16fc77 Austin Jiang 2024-07-11T21:20:33Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3215686 ![Fluidic Logic Adder 3 + 5][1] &[Wolfram Notebook][2] [1]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=output.gif&userId=3205263 [2]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/8e4c418d-20e3-4517-bcf7-5438fcc03370 Michael Bao 2024-07-11T19:31:00Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3214252 ![Minimal universal classical and quantum gates][1] &[Wolfram Notebook][2] [1]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=Image20251125204022.png&userId=20103 [2]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/95240c16-63dd-43de-b9be-275f95a60474 Christopher Gilbert 2024-07-11T15:22:07Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3209590 ![Entailment Cone for Ring Axioms][1] &[Wolfram Notebook][2] [1]: https://community.wolfram.com//c/portal/getImageAttachment?filename=image%281%29.png&userId=3014366 [2]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/c0142dc0-f6a9-4617-91ef-1e51e609a5c9 Tate Allen 2024-07-09T22:55:24Z https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/3210202 &[Wolfram Notebook][1] [1]: https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/409c3fbb-5882-4c28-9518-f3461015f829 Fernando Olivie Méndez Méndez 2024-07-10T02:23:42Z