I have done a whole program in Wolfram Mathematica and now I have to execute it changing one variable again and again. The tool I'd like to use is Do, but I don't know how to use it.
This seems like the sort of thing one might find in Help > Wolfram Documentation.
If you need to further process the output from your 'program' then Table is a better option than Do. Either way, you will have to express your program as a function that takes the variable you need to iterate over as an argument.
program