GeometricScene often generates points and scalar parameters, which (along with the points and scalars provided by the user in the first argument) must be given values before the scene will format as a graphical image. Hence if you aren't getting a graphical formatting, you should wrap the GeometricScene with RandomInstance (even if the scene is fully determined) to fill in the missing values.

Thank you Gianluca! It is always good to know about the alternatives. It appears that there is some touchiness when using Circular objects within GeometricScene. If you want to use hypotheses like area and perimeter relations, you need to use Disk, but Disk does not like a GeometricAssertion like "Tangent". Here are a few tests where I noted 3 problems:

RandomInstance[
 GeometricScene[{{o1, o2}, {r1, r2}}, {c1 == Disk[o1, r1], 
   c2 == Disk[o2, r2], Area[c1] == 8 Area[c2]}], RandomSeeding -> 1]
RandomInstance[
 GeometricScene[{{o1, o2}, {r1, r2}}, {c1 == Disk[o1, r1], 
   c2 == Disk[o2, r2], Perimeter[c1] == 2 Perimeter[c2]}], 
 RandomSeeding -> 1]
RandomInstance[
 GeometricScene[{{o1, o2}, {r1, r2}}, {c1 == Disk[o1, r1], 
   c2 == Disk[o2, r2], GeometricAssertion[{c1, c2}, "Tangent"]}], 
 RandomSeeding -> 1]
RandomInstance[
 GeometricScene[{{o1, o2}, {r1, r2}}, {c1 == Circle[o1, r1], 
   c2 == Circle[o2, r2], Area[c1] == 32 Area[c2]}], RandomSeeding -> 1]
RandomInstance[
 GeometricScene[{{o1, o2}, {r1, r2}}, {c1 == Circle[o1, r1], 
   c2 == Circle[o2, r2], GeometricAssertion[{c1, c2}, "Tangent"]}], 
 RandomSeeding -> 1]

Maybe I will need to use both Circles and Disks to achieve what I want.

Thanks again for your help.