In the introduction literature of this web site it defines a black hole as a portion of a graph that splits off from the rest of the graph, thus being disconnected and unreachable any more by the graph. This seams to disagree with other physical theories in physics (loop quantum gravity and string theory come to mind). I have a thought that what we conceive of a black hole may not be what it truly is.

First of all, there are two types of black holes, ones created by the collapse of matter (stellar black holes) and those that were present from the earliest times in the universe (supermassive black holes). This discussion is dealing with stellar black holes.

Since stellar mass black holes are formed from the gravitational collapse of matter, my idea revolves around what happens when matter collapses. In the Worlfram Model (WM) a particle is conceived to be a self-sustaining local feature of the hypergraph. For simplicity sake for this discussion lets say it is spherically shaped and consists of three portions; internal nodes with associated links, external nodes (space) with associated links, and interface nodes that bridge the internal nodes to the external nodes. This description is simplified and ignores a lot of physics, but it is a starting point.

In this simple model, the internal volume of the particle as measured from the inside is just the number of nodes it contains. But the volume of the particle as measured from the outside requires you to count the number of nodes in the interface that are connected to the surrounding space. My first point here is that the two do not have to agree with each other.

What happens when two particles want to occupy the same point in space? Again, for simplicity lets assume that all particles are identical and obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle. There is a degeneracy pressure that is needed to overcome the tendency of the two particles to not share the same space, but when this pressure is overcome, they merge. What would this merger look like in the WM?

I picture this as that the interface portions of the combined particles as seen from the outside would double in area in order to keep the connection to space, but internally the particles would still be two different structures only connected via connections with the external nodes (surrounding space). From the outside of the merged particles it would appear to be a single larger particle with double the surface area and a larger diameter. Internally the particle would appear to have the same size (volume) and diameter, but you could only “look” from the viewpoint of one particle at a time since you would have to switch your viewpoint to outside space and re-enter the merged particle to see the viewpoint from another particle. Another caveat here would be that the interface nodes of each particle would be evenly distributed across the surface of the merged particle. This is the seed of the black hole.

If at any time the force that overcame the degeneracy pressure is relieved, the particles would split back apart.

Now continue the absorption of more and more particles into the merged particles and the internal gravity of the particle would be large enough to overcome the degeneracy pressure of all the constituent particles and you officially have a black hole. Internally, the distance between any two interface nodes of a single constituent particle would be the same distance as if it was alone in free space, but the external area of the merged particle black hole would be proportional to the number of particles that it is made from. But this black hole has hairs because the “event horizon” would be at or inside the interface nodes of the massively merged particle, thus keeping its connections to the outside space.

This model would allow the black hole properties (mass, charge, and angular momentum) to be transmitted to the surrounding space and lines up more with the view from string theory. It also provides a mechanism for particles to escape the black hole generating Hawking Radiation and eventually allow the black hole to evaporate and solving the information paradox. And since the surface area of the massively merged particle is proportional to the number of its constituent particles (it’s mass), then this corresponds to its entropy as calculated by both string theory and loop quantum gravity.