With a full list of unknons it gives an answer:
Solve[{ChlorineMassProducedPerLength ==
ChlorineProducedPerEdenCreteMass*EdenCreteMassPerLength,
ChlorineMassConsumedPerLength ==
ChlorineConsumedPerCPVCMass*CPVCMassPerLength,
ChlorineMassProducedPerLength == ChlorineMassConsumedPerLength,
MaterialVolumePerLength ==
EdenCreteVolumePerLength +
CPVCVolumePerLength}, {EdenCreteMassPerLength, CPVCMassPerLength,
ChlorineMassProducedPerLength, ChlorineMassConsumedPerLength}]
Without giving any unknown, the output is very bizarre:
Solve[{ChlorineMassProducedPerLength ==
ChlorineProducedPerEdenCreteMass*EdenCreteMassPerLength,
ChlorineMassConsumedPerLength ==
ChlorineConsumedPerCPVCMass*CPVCMassPerLength,
ChlorineMassProducedPerLength == ChlorineMassConsumedPerLength,
MaterialVolumePerLength ==
EdenCreteVolumePerLength + CPVCVolumePerLength}]