Multiplication is working normally (as in, the way Mathematica intends for it to work).
Try
5 List
(* 5 List *)
List
is a built in function, and it definitely has defined behavior when applied to arguments (aka DownValues), but when encountered in isolation, it's just a symbol. In the expression Subscript*5
, Subscript
appears as an isolated symbol--it's not the head of any expression. So, Mathematica looks at OwnValues
, finds nothing, and leaves Subscript
alone.
Try 5 Table
or 5 Integrate
or any other symbol that has no OwnValues
. The multiplication cannot be resolved further so you just end up with 5 symbol
.
When Mathematica encounters an isolated symbol, it consults OwnValues
not DownValues
to figure out what to do. Mathematica looks for DownValues
when the symbol is the head of an expression.