Today (March 12) is the 30th anniversary of the world wide web and I was curious about how "world wide" the web has become. So, I decided to create the above BubbleChart in order to explore today's (2018) internet users as percentage of population versus GDP per capita in US dollars. Bubbles size depicts countries population. And the percents for internet users come from internet world stats site and the World Bank Data Catalog.
The list of countries that appear in the BubbleChart are the following (note that I excluded some countries like North Korea and others with missing data):
countries = {Entity["Country", "Anguilla"],
Entity["Country", "AntiguaBarbuda"], Entity["Country", "Argentina"],
Entity["Country", "Aruba"], Entity["Country", "Bahamas"],
Entity["Country", "Barbados"], Entity["Country", "Belize"],
Entity["Country", "Bermuda"], Entity["Country", "Bolivia"],
Entity["Country", "Brazil"],
Entity["Country", "BritishVirginIslands"],
Entity["Country", "Canada"], Entity["Country", "CaymanIslands"],
Entity["Country", "Chile"], Entity["Country", "Colombia"],
Entity["Country", "CostaRica"], Entity["Country", "Cuba"],
Entity["Country", "Dominica"],
Entity["Country", "DominicanRepublic"],
Entity["Country", "Ecuador"], Entity["Country", "ElSalvador"],
Entity["Country", "FalklandIslands"],
Entity["Country", "FrenchGuiana"], Entity["Country", "Greenland"],
Entity["Country", "Grenada"], Entity["Country", "Guadeloupe"],
Entity["Country", "Guatemala"], Entity["Country", "Guyana"],
Entity["Country", "Haiti"], Entity["Country", "Honduras"],
Entity["Country", "Jamaica"], Entity["Country", "Martinique"],
Entity["Country", "Mexico"], Entity["Country", "Montserrat"],
Entity["Country", "Nicaragua"], Entity["Country", "Panama"],
Entity["Country", "Paraguay"], Entity["Country", "Peru"],
Entity["Country", "PuertoRico"],
Entity["Country", "SaintKittsNevis"],
Entity["Country", "SaintLucia"],
Entity["Country", "SaintPierreMiquelon"],
Entity["Country", "SaintVincentGrenadines"],
Entity["Country", "Suriname"], Entity["Country", "TrinidadTobago"],
Entity["Country", "TurksCaicosIslands"],
Entity["Country", "UnitedStates"], Entity["Country", "Uruguay"],
Entity["Country", "UnitedStatesVirginIslands"],
Entity["Country", "Algeria"], Entity["Country", "Angola"],
Entity["Country", "Benin"], Entity["Country", "Botswana"],
Entity["Country", "BurkinaFaso"], Entity["Country", "Burundi"],
Entity["Country", "CapeVerde"], Entity["Country", "Cameroon"],
Entity["Country", "CentralAfricanRepublic"],
Entity["Country", "Chad"], Entity["Country", "Comoros"],
Entity["Country", "DemocraticRepublicCongo"],
Entity["Country", "IvoryCoast"], Entity["Country", "Djibouti"],
Entity["Country", "Egypt"], Entity["Country", "EquatorialGuinea"],
Entity["Country", "Ethiopia"], Entity["Country", "Gabon"],
Entity["Country", "Gambia"], Entity["Country", "Ghana"],
Entity["Country", "Guinea"], Entity["Country", "GuineaBissau"],
Entity["Country", "Kenya"], Entity["Country", "Lesotho"],
Entity["Country", "Liberia"], Entity["Country", "Libya"],
Entity["Country", "Madagascar"], Entity["Country", "Malawi"],
Entity["Country", "Mali"], Entity["Country", "Mauritania"],
Entity["Country", "Mauritius"], Entity["Country", "Morocco"],
Entity["Country", "Mozambique"], Entity["Country", "Namibia"],
Entity["Country", "Niger"], Entity["Country", "Nigeria"],
Entity["Country", "Rwanda"], Entity["Country", "SaoTomePrincipe"],
Entity["Country", "Senegal"], Entity["Country", "Seychelles"],
Entity["Country", "SierraLeone"], Entity["Country", "Somalia"],
Entity["Country", "SouthAfrica"], Entity["Country", "SouthSudan"],
Entity["Country", "Sudan"], Entity["Country", "Swaziland"],
Entity["Country", "Tanzania"], Entity["Country", "Togo"],
Entity["Country", "Tunisia"], Entity["Country", "Uganda"],
Entity["Country", "WesternSahara"], Entity["Country", "Zambia"],
Entity["Country", "Zimbabwe"], Entity["Country", "AmericanSamoa"],
Entity["Country", "Australia"], Entity["Country", "CookIslands"],
Entity["Country", "Fiji"], Entity["Country", "FrenchPolynesia"],
Entity["Country", "Guam"], Entity["Country", "Kiribati"],
Entity["Country", "MarshallIslands"],
Entity["Country", "Micronesia"], Entity["Country", "Nauru"],
Entity["Country", "NewCaledonia"], Entity["Country", "NewZealand"],
Entity["Country", "Niue"],
Entity["Country", "NorthernMarianaIslands"],
Entity["Country", "Palau"], Entity["Country", "PapuaNewGuinea"],
Entity["Country", "Samoa"], Entity["Country", "SolomonIslands"],
Entity["Country", "Tokelau"], Entity["Country", "Tonga"],
Entity["Country", "Tuvalu"], Entity["Country", "Vanuatu"],
Entity["Country", "Albania"], Entity["Country", "Andorra"],
Entity["Country", "Austria"], Entity["Country", "Belarus"],
Entity["Country", "Belgium"],
Entity["Country", "BosniaHerzegovina"],
Entity["Country", "Bulgaria"], Entity["Country", "Croatia"],
Entity["Country", "Cyprus"], Entity["Country", "CzechRepublic"],
Entity["Country", "Denmark"], Entity["Country", "Estonia"],
Entity["Country", "FaroeIslands"], Entity["Country", "Finland"],
Entity["Country", "France"], Entity["Country", "Germany"],
Entity["Country", "Gibraltar"], Entity["Country", "Greece"],
Entity["Country", "Hungary"], Entity["Country", "Iceland"],
Entity["Country", "Ireland"], Entity["Country", "Italy"],
Entity["Country", "Jersey"], Entity["Country", "Kosovo"],
Entity["Country", "Latvia"], Entity["Country", "Liechtenstein"],
Entity["Country", "Lithuania"], Entity["Country", "Luxembourg"],
Entity["Country", "Macedonia"], Entity["Country", "Malta"],
Entity["Country", "Moldova"], Entity["Country", "Monaco"],
Entity["Country", "Montenegro"], Entity["Country", "Netherlands"],
Entity["Country", "Norway"], Entity["Country", "Poland"],
Entity["Country", "Portugal"], Entity["Country", "Romania"],
Entity["Country", "Russia"], Entity["Country", "SanMarino"],
Entity["Country", "Serbia"], Entity["Country", "Slovakia"],
Entity["Country", "Slovenia"], Entity["Country", "Spain"],
Entity["Country", "Sweden"], Entity["Country", "Switzerland"],
Entity["Country", "Turkey"], Entity["Country", "Ukraine"],
Entity["Country", "UnitedKingdom"], Entity["Country", "Bahrain"],
Entity["Country", "Iran"], Entity["Country", "Iraq"],
Entity["Country", "Israel"], Entity["Country", "Jordan"],
Entity["Country", "Kuwait"], Entity["Country", "Lebanon"],
Entity["Country", "Oman"], Entity["Country", "Qatar"],
Entity["Country", "SaudiArabia"], Entity["Country", "Syria"],
Entity["Country", "UnitedArabEmirates"],
Entity["Country", "Afghanistan"], Entity["Country", "Armenia"],
Entity["Country", "Azerbaijan"], Entity["Country", "Bangladesh"],
Entity["Country", "Bhutan"], Entity["Country", "Brunei"],
Entity["Country", "Cambodia"], Entity["Country", "China"],
Entity["Country", "HongKong"], Entity["Country", "Georgia"],
Entity["Country", "India"], Entity["Country", "Indonesia"],
Entity["Country", "Japan"], Entity["Country", "Kazakhstan"],
Entity["Country", "SouthKorea"], Entity["Country", "Kyrgyzstan"],
Entity["Country", "Laos"], Entity["Country", "Macau"],
Entity["Country", "Malaysia"], Entity["Country", "Maldives"],
Entity["Country", "Mongolia"], Entity["Country", "Myanmar"],
Entity["Country", "Nepal"], Entity["Country", "Pakistan"],
Entity["Country", "Philippines"], Entity["Country", "Singapore"],
Entity["Country", "SriLanka"], Entity["Country", "Taiwan"],
Entity["Country", "Tajikistan"], Entity["Country", "Thailand"],
Entity["Country", "EastTimor"], Entity["Country", "Turkmenistan"],
Entity["Country", "Uzbekistan"], Entity["Country", "Vietnam"],
Entity["Country", "Yemen"], Entity["Country", "Venezuela"]}
percents = {Quantity[84.2`, "Percent"], Quantity[79.5`, "Percent"],
Quantity[93.1`, "Percent"], Quantity[94.6`, "Percent"],
Quantity[83.4`, "Percent"], Quantity[79.9`, "Percent"],
Quantity[52.3`, "Percent"], Quantity[98.`, "Percent"],
Quantity[78.6`, "Percent"], Quantity[70.7`, "Percent"],
Quantity[46.9`, "Percent"], Quantity[89.9`, "Percent"],
Quantity[88.7`, "Percent"], Quantity[77.5`, "Percent"],
Quantity[63.2`, "Percent"], Quantity[86.7`, "Percent"],
Quantity[40.3`, "Percent"], Quantity[67.2`, "Percent"],
Quantity[61.1`, "Percent"], Quantity[79.9`, "Percent"],
Quantity[57.7`, "Percent"], Quantity[99.2`, "Percent"],
Quantity[41.4`, "Percent"], Quantity[92.1`, "Percent"],
Quantity[63.9`, "Percent"], Quantity[53.4`, "Percent"],
Quantity[42.1`, "Percent"], Quantity[50.5`, "Percent"],
Quantity[18.`, "Percent"], Quantity[38.2`, "Percent"],
Quantity[54.5`, "Percent"], Quantity[78.8`, "Percent"],
Quantity[65.`, "Percent"], Quantity[57.9`, "Percent"],
Quantity[43.`, "Percent"], Quantity[69.7`, "Percent"],
Quantity[89.6`, "Percent"], Quantity[67.6`, "Percent"],
Quantity[83.3`, "Percent"], Quantity[78.8`, "Percent"],
Quantity[79.6`, "Percent"], Quantity[79.6`, "Percent"],
Quantity[69.9`, "Percent"], Quantity[59.8`, "Percent"],
Quantity[73.1`, "Percent"], Quantity[78.3`, "Percent"],
Quantity[95.6`, "Percent"], Quantity[88.2`, "Percent"],
Quantity[60.6`, "Percent"], Quantity[44.2`, "Percent"],
Quantity[19.3`, "Percent"], Quantity[33.1`, "Percent"],
Quantity[39.6`, "Percent"], Quantity[18.8`, "Percent"],
Quantity[5.5`, "Percent"], Quantity[48.1`, "Percent"],
Quantity[24.8`, "Percent"], Quantity[5.4`, "Percent"],
Quantity[5.`, "Percent"], Quantity[15.7`, "Percent"],
Quantity[6.1`, "Percent"], Quantity[26.3`, "Percent"],
Quantity[18.5`, "Percent"], Quantity[49.5`, "Percent"],
Quantity[23.8`, "Percent"], Quantity[15.3`, "Percent"],
Quantity[47.7`, "Percent"], Quantity[18.1`, "Percent"],
Quantity[34.3`, "Percent"], Quantity[12.3`, "Percent"],
Quantity[6.3`, "Percent"], Quantity[85.`, "Percent"],
Quantity[27.7`, "Percent"], Quantity[8.1`, "Percent"],
Quantity[58.7`, "Percent"], Quantity[7.2`, "Percent"],
Quantity[9.5`, "Percent"], Quantity[65.3`, "Percent"],
Quantity[17.8`, "Percent"], Quantity[63.4`, "Percent"],
Quantity[62.4`, "Percent"], Quantity[17.3`, "Percent"],
Quantity[30.8`, "Percent"], Quantity[4.3`, "Percent"],
Quantity[50.2`, "Percent"], Quantity[29.8`, "Percent"],
Quantity[27.7`, "Percent"], Quantity[59.8`, "Percent"],
Quantity[70.5`, "Percent"], Quantity[11.7`, "Percent"],
Quantity[7.9`, "Percent"], Quantity[53.7`, "Percent"],
Quantity[17.3`, "Percent"], Quantity[28.5`, "Percent"],
Quantity[32.1`, "Percent"], Quantity[38.9`, "Percent"],
Quantity[11.3`, "Percent"], Quantity[67.7`, "Percent"],
Quantity[42.9`, "Percent"], Quantity[5.`, "Percent"],
Quantity[41.2`, "Percent"], Quantity[40.2`, "Percent"],
Quantity[39.5`, "Percent"], Quantity[87.8`, "Percent"],
Quantity[65.5`, "Percent"], Quantity[54.9`, "Percent"],
Quantity[69.1`, "Percent"], Quantity[80.9`, "Percent"],
Quantity[27.8`, "Percent"], Quantity[39.5`, "Percent"],
Quantity[53.2`, "Percent"], Quantity[53.4`, "Percent"],
Quantity[85.8`, "Percent"], Quantity[88.1`, "Percent"],
Quantity[91.8`, "Percent"], Quantity[72.5`, "Percent"],
Quantity[36.2`, "Percent"], Quantity[10.8`, "Percent"],
Quantity[50.6`, "Percent"], Quantity[12.1`, "Percent"],
Quantity[61.5`, "Percent"], Quantity[53.`, "Percent"],
Quantity[46.2`, "Percent"], Quantity[29.3`, "Percent"],
Quantity[65.8`, "Percent"], Quantity[87.4`, "Percent"],
Quantity[87.9`, "Percent"], Quantity[71.1`, "Percent"],
Quantity[94.4`, "Percent"], Quantity[80.7`, "Percent"],
Quantity[66.3`, "Percent"], Quantity[90.9`, "Percent"],
Quantity[81.7`, "Percent"], Quantity[87.7`, "Percent"],
Quantity[96.9`, "Percent"], Quantity[97.7`, "Percent"],
Quantity[96.4`, "Percent"], Quantity[94.3`, "Percent"],
Quantity[92.6`, "Percent"], Quantity[96.2`, "Percent"],
Quantity[94.5`, "Percent"], Quantity[70.1`, "Percent"],
Quantity[88.6`, "Percent"], Quantity[99.`, "Percent"],
Quantity[92.7`, "Percent"], Quantity[92.4`, "Percent"],
Quantity[70.2`, "Percent"], Quantity[80.4`, "Percent"],
Quantity[86.2`, "Percent"], Quantity[98.4`, "Percent"],
Quantity[90.4`, "Percent"], Quantity[96.9`, "Percent"],
Quantity[75.9`, "Percent"], Quantity[83.3`, "Percent"],
Quantity[71.2`, "Percent"], Quantity[95.5`, "Percent"],
Quantity[69.9`, "Percent"], Quantity[95.9`, "Percent"],
Quantity[99.2`, "Percent"], Quantity[78.1`, "Percent"],
Quantity[77.9`, "Percent"], Quantity[73.5`, "Percent"],
Quantity[76.1`, "Percent"], Quantity[52.7`, "Percent"],
Quantity[72.2`, "Percent"], Quantity[85.`, "Percent"],
Quantity[79.9`, "Percent"], Quantity[92.6`, "Percent"],
Quantity[96.7`, "Percent"], Quantity[91.`, "Percent"],
Quantity[68.4`, "Percent"], Quantity[93.`, "Percent"],
Quantity[94.7`, "Percent"], Quantity[98.`, "Percent"],
Quantity[69.1`, "Percent"], Quantity[48.3`, "Percent"],
Quantity[79.7`, "Percent"], Quantity[87.8`, "Percent"],
Quantity[97.8`, "Percent"], Quantity[91.`, "Percent"],
Quantity[68.5`, "Percent"], Quantity[98.1`, "Percent"],
Quantity[90.2`, "Percent"], Quantity[33.`, "Percent"],
Quantity[98.4`, "Percent"], Quantity[16.5`, "Percent"],
Quantity[72.5`, "Percent"], Quantity[80.6`, "Percent"],
Quantity[53.3`, "Percent"], Quantity[45.3`, "Percent"],
Quantity[94.6`, "Percent"], Quantity[49.3`, "Percent"],
Quantity[56.7`, "Percent"], Quantity[87.`, "Percent"],
Quantity[68.`, "Percent"], Quantity[34.1`, "Percent"],
Quantity[53.7`, "Percent"], Quantity[93.3`, "Percent"],
Quantity[76.4`, "Percent"], Quantity[92.6`, "Percent"],
Quantity[40.7`, "Percent"], Quantity[35.9`, "Percent"],
Quantity[81.`, "Percent"], Quantity[78.3`, "Percent"],
Quantity[76.5`, "Percent"], Quantity[64.1`, "Percent"],
Quantity[33.4`, "Percent"], Quantity[54.7`, "Percent"],
Quantity[22.2`, "Percent"], Quantity[62.9`, "Percent"],
Quantity[83.6`, "Percent"], Quantity[32.`, "Percent"],
Quantity[87.9`, "Percent"], Quantity[33.1`, "Percent"],
Quantity[82.4`, "Percent"], Quantity[31.`, "Percent"],
Quantity[17.9`, "Percent"], Quantity[47.7`, "Percent"],
Quantity[66.3`, "Percent"], Quantity[24.3`, "Percent"],
Quantity[53.1`, "Percent"]};
bubbles =
MapThread[
Callout[{CountryData[#1, "GDPPerCapita"], #2,
CountryData[#1, "Population"]},
CountryData[#1, "Name"]] &, {countries, percents}]
bubblesGrouped = GroupBy[bubbles, CountryData[#[[-1]], "Continent"] &]
BubbleChart[bubblesGrouped,
ScalingFunctions -> {"Log", "Log", Automatic},
PlotLabel -> Style["Internet users vs GDP per capita", Bold, 24],
FrameLabel -> {Style["GDP per person in US dollars", 20],
Style["Internet users as percentage of population (%)", 20]},
PlotTheme -> "Detailed", ImageSize -> 800, ChartStyle -> "Pastel",
ChartLegends -> Keys[bubblesGroups]]
Without using "Log" Scaling function for "internet users percents" the resulting BubbleChart is better for separating countries with high GDP per capita:
BubbleChart[bubblesGrouped,
ScalingFunctions -> {"Log", Automatic, Automatic},
PlotLabel -> Style["Internet users vs GDP per capita", Bold, 24],
FrameLabel -> {Style["GDP per person in US dollars", 20],
Style["Internet users as percentage of population (%)", 20]},
PlotTheme -> "Detailed", ImageSize -> 800, ChartStyle -> "Pastel",
ChartLegends -> Keys[bubblesGroups]]
Finally I decided to create an animation to illustrate the growth of internet users over the last three decades. To create the custom bubble chart I used ListLogLinearPlot and for the inset map plot I used GeoRegionValuePlot. The notebook attached contains the data and some of the code that I used.
Looking the bubbles over the years, it looks like there is some power law in place, at least above a certain GDP per capita threshold. It would be interesting to investigate it along with the price of personal computers and smart phones over time. But I will stop here for now.
Hope you enjoyed this little computational excursion.
Attachments:
