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NDSolve error for a system of coupled differential equations

Akshay S

Akshay S, University of Agder, Norway

Posted 4 years ago

Hello all, I am trying to solve LLG equation for a 2 spin system. When I add vector B to effective field Heff I get error 'The arguments are expected to be vectors of equal length, and the number of arguments is expected to be 1 less than their length.' I see that Assumptions in the beginning is not helping me. Can some one tell me how to define m(t) as a vector in the beginning? Please find my code pasted below. gamma = 1; alphag = 0.1; Beff = {0, 0, 10}; z = {0, 0, 1} J = -1; B = {0, 1, 0}; $Assumptions = (m[t] \| m1[t]) \[Element] Vectors[3, Reals]; Heff[t_] := Jm1[t] + B; Heff1[t_] := Jm[t] + B; cons[t_] := Cross[m[t], Heff[t]]; cons1[t_] := Cross[m1[t], Heff1[t]]; tGilbdamp[t_] := alphagCross[m[t], cons[t]]; tGilbdamp1[t_] := alphagCross[m1[t], cons1[t]]; tmax = 100; LLGS = {m'[t] == -gamma{cons[t] + tGilbdamp[t]}, m[0] == Normalize[{-Sqrt[3.]/2, -1/2, 0}]}; LLGS1 = {m1'[t] == -gamma{cons1[t] + tGilbdamp1[t]}, m1[0] == Normalize[{Sqrt[3.]/2, -1/2, 0}]}; sol1 = NDSolve[{LLGS, LLGS1}, {m, m1,}, {t, 0, tmax}] Plot[Evaluate[m[t] /. sol1[[1]]], {t, 0, tmax}] Plot[Evaluate[m1[t] /. sol1[[1]]], {t, 0, tmax}]

Hello all,

I am trying to solve LLG equation for a 2 spin system. When I add vector B to effective field Heff I get error 'The arguments are expected to be vectors of equal length, and the number of arguments is expected to be 1 less than their length.' I see that Assumptions in the beginning is not helping me. Can some one tell me how to define m(t) as a vector in the beginning? Please find my code pasted below.

gamma = 1;
alphag = 0.1;
Beff = {0, 0, 10};
z = {0, 0, 1}
J = -1;

B = {0, 1, 0};

$Assumptions = (m[t] | m1[t]) \[Element] Vectors[3, Reals];

Heff[t_] := J*m1[t] + B;
Heff1[t_] := J*m[t]  + B;
cons[t_] := Cross[m[t], Heff[t]];
cons1[t_] := Cross[m1[t], Heff1[t]];

tGilbdamp[t_] := alphag*Cross[m[t], cons[t]];
tGilbdamp1[t_] := alphag*Cross[m1[t], cons1[t]];

tmax = 100;
LLGS = {m'[t] == -gamma*{cons[t] + tGilbdamp[t]}, 
   m[0] == Normalize[{-Sqrt[3.]/2, -1/2, 0}]};
LLGS1 = {m1'[t] == -gamma*{cons1[t] + tGilbdamp1[t]}, 
   m1[0] == Normalize[{Sqrt[3.]/2, -1/2, 0}]};

sol1 = NDSolve[{LLGS, LLGS1}, {m, m1,}, {t, 0, tmax}]


Plot[Evaluate[m[t] /. sol1[[1]]], {t, 0, tmax}]
Plot[Evaluate[m1[t] /. sol1[[1]]], {t, 0, tmax}]

POSTED BY: Akshay S

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Gianluca Gorni

Gianluca Gorni, University of Udine

Posted 4 years ago

Unfortunately, as documented under `Vectors`, assuming that a symbol is a vector is not compatible with listable operations with explicit vectors: In[1]:= Assuming[v \[Element] Vectors[2], v + {1, 2}] Out[1]= {1 + v, 2 + v} Hence, your definition `Heff[t_] := Jm1[t] + B` does not work as we would somehow expect. You can work around the limitation this way: gamma = 1; alphag = 0.1; Beff = {0, 0, 10}; z = {0, 0, 1}; J = -1; B = {0, 1, 0}; $Assumptions = (m[t] \| m1[t]) \[Element] Vectors[3, Reals]; cons[t_] = Cross[m[t], Jm1[t]] + Cross[m[t], B]; cons1[t_] = Cross[m1[t], Jm[t]] + Cross[m1[t], B]; tGilbdamp[t_] := alphagCross[m[t], cons[t]]; tGilbdamp1[t_] := alphagCross[m1[t], cons1[t]]; tmax = 100; LLGS = {m'[t] == -gamma{cons[t] + tGilbdamp[t]}, m[0] == Normalize[{-Sqrt[3.]/2, -1/2, 0}]}; LLGS1 = {m1'[t] == -gamma*{cons1[t] + tGilbdamp1[t]}, m1[0] == Normalize[{Sqrt[3.]/2, -1/2, 0}]}; sol1 = NDSolve[{LLGS, LLGS1}, {m, m1}, {t, 0, tmax}]

Unfortunately, as documented under Vectors, assuming that a symbol is a vector is not compatible with listable operations with explicit vectors:

In[1]:= Assuming[v \[Element] Vectors[2], v + {1, 2}]

Out[1]= {1 + v, 2 + v}

Hence, your definition Heff[t_] := J*m1[t] + B does not work as we would somehow expect.

You can work around the limitation this way:

gamma = 1; alphag = 0.1; Beff = {0, 0, 10}; z = {0, 0, 1};
J = -1; B = {0, 1, 0};
$Assumptions = (m[t] | m1[t]) \[Element] Vectors[3, Reals];
cons[t_] = Cross[m[t], J*m1[t]] + Cross[m[t], B];
cons1[t_] = Cross[m1[t], J*m[t]] + Cross[m1[t], B];
tGilbdamp[t_] := alphag*Cross[m[t], cons[t]];
tGilbdamp1[t_] := alphag*Cross[m1[t], cons1[t]];
tmax = 100;
LLGS = {m'[t] == -gamma*{cons[t] + tGilbdamp[t]}, 
   m[0] == Normalize[{-Sqrt[3.]/2, -1/2, 0}]};
LLGS1 = {m1'[t] == -gamma*{cons1[t] + tGilbdamp1[t]}, 
   m1[0] == Normalize[{Sqrt[3.]/2, -1/2, 0}]};

sol1 = NDSolve[{LLGS, LLGS1}, {m, m1}, {t, 0, tmax}]

POSTED BY: Gianluca Gorni