Actually, one can get the same orientation if rotations are restricted to be around X and Y axes. But three rotations are needed.
In[1]:= (* ZY coordinate frame *)
mZY = EulerMatrix[{45. Degree, 45. Degree, 0}, {3, 2, 1}]
Out[1]= {{0.5, -0.707107, 0.5}, {0.5, 0.707107, 0.5}, {-0.707107, 0., 0.707107}}
In[2]:= (* XYX angles *)
EulerAngles[mZY, {1, 2, 1}]/Degree
Out[2]= {35.2644, 60., -54.7356}
In[3]:= (* YXY angles *)
EulerAngles[mZY, {2, 1, 2}]/Degree
Out[3]= {-90., 45., 135.}
The YXY angles can also be 90, -45, -45.