Try this:

1. Select the graphics cell.
2. From the menu, open Format > Option Inspector...
3. Go to Graphics Options > RenderingOptions in the inspector.
4. Try various things under "3DRenderingMethod" and "3DRenderingEngine". (There should be a pull-down menu with several choices.)

I don't have a Linux machine, so I'm not sure what you'll find. If you find something that works, say "OpenGL", then you can set the option on the Option Inspector or in code like this:

Style[<your 3D graphics>,
 RenderingOptions -> {"3DRenderingEngine" -> "OpenGL"}]

Or once for all:

SetOptions[$FrontEnd, RenderingOptions -> {"3DRenderingEngine" -> "OpenGL"}]

If nothing fixes it, then I'm barking up the wrong tree.