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How to unite intervals?

Help me please to unite resulted intervals!

The line "For..." outputs the intervals where the roots exist (roots: 2.94 and 5,52). I have to consider a remark:

If in the intervals {x~[i],x[i+1]} and {x[i+1],x~~[i+1]} can be the roots of the equation, the range {x~[i],x~~[i+1]} must have at least one of its root.

X = {-2, 6}
        spx = {-2, -1.90577, -1.81153, -1.59327, -1.375, -1.35785, -1.3407,    -1.24655, -1.22941, -1.11811, -0.934054, -0.80167, -0.75, -0.625,-0.5, -0.25, -0.0981238, 0.303752, 0.651876, 0.94833, 1, 1.5, 1.75,2.11731, 2.5, 2.5625, 2.625, 3.3125, 3.75, 4, 4.00964, 4.01928,4.25964, 4.36731, 4.5, 4.75, 5, 5.25, 5.5, 5.75, 6}
        spfw = {33.3632, 43.263, 51.6709, 55.5421, 57.1266, 57.2511, 57.3756,58.059, 58.0778, 58.1995,56.846,55.1903,54.5739,53.0828,51.1542,48.9959,48.0325,42.2533, 36.408,30.7952,30.1551,28.6446,23.138,19.4168,6.47053,5.90328,5.32951,-0.513959, -0.750527, -6.38895, -6.39157, -6.39418,-6.36456, -6.09357, -6.28599, -5.25369, -4.19539, -2.18625, -0.133803,2.90414, 6.171}
        spfn = {33.3632, 40.2933, 46.5882, 51.9781, 55.5583, 55.5708, 55.5762, 55.4604, 55.4393, 55.0045, 530116, 51.1309, 50.4546, 48.1226, 45.6012, 43.402, 42.066, 37.5522, 32.6864, 28.1979, 28.0685,25.7067, 17.5943,13.5547, -2.97428, -3.21054, -3.36422, -5.05466, -5.1301, -6.4392,-6.76879, -6.48231, -7.20196, -7.00719, -7.53373, -6.00246, -4.41058,-2.8187, -1.16621, 2.35765, 6.04694}

        For[i = 1, i < Length@spfn, i++,
         If[! (((0 < spfn[[i]]) && (0 < spfn[[i + 1]])) || 
           ((spfw[[i]] < 0) && (spfw[[i + 1]] < 0))),
           Print["1) exists root on: {", spx[[i]], ";", spx[[i + 1]], "}"]]]

So the result include 5 intervals:

1) exists root on: {2.11731;2.5}
1) exists root on: {2.5;2.5625}
1) exists root on: {2.5625;2.625}
1) exists root on: {2.625;3.3125}
1) exists root on: {5.5;5.75}

And as the first root is 2.94 it has to enter into 4 first intervals, and 5.52 in the last. So after considering the remark, that line should outputs two intervals.I tried to use IntervalUnion but it doesn't work:( Please help me to code this remark in this line.

POSTED BY: Julia Ilkiv
8 Replies
Posted 11 years ago

Ah, let's try this,

In[1]:= X = {-2, 6};
spx = {-2, -1.90577, -1.81153, -1.59327, -1.375, -1.35785, -1.3407, -1.24655, -1.22941, -1.11811, -0.934054,
   -0.80167, -0.75, -0.625, -0.5, -0.25, -0.0981238, 0.303752, 0.651876, 0.94833, 1, 1.5, 1.75, 2.11731, 2.5,
   2.5625, 2.625, 3.3125, 3.75, 4, 4.00964, 4.01928, 4.25964, 4.36731, 4.5, 4.75, 5, 5.25, 5.5, 5.75, 6};
spfw = {33.3632, 43.263, 51.6709, 55.5421, 57.1266, 57.2511, 57.3756, 58.059, 58.0778, 58.1995, 56.846,
   55.1903, 54.5739, 53.0828, 51.1542, 48.9959, 48.0325, 42.2533, 36.408, 30.7952, 30.1551, 28.6446,
   23.138, 19.4168, 6.47053, 5.90328, 5.32951, -0.513959, -0.750527, -6.38895, -6.39157, -6.39418,
   -6.36456, -6.09357, -6.28599, -5.25369, -4.19539, -2.18625, -0.133803,  2.90414, 6.171};
spfn = {33.3632, 40.2933, 46.5882, 51.9781, 55.5583, 55.5708, 55.5762, 55.4604, 55.4393, 55.0045,
   530116, 51.1309, 50.4546, 48.1226, 45.6012, 43.402, 42.066, 37.5522, 32.6864, 28.1979, 28.0685, 
   25.7067, 17.5943, 13.5547, -2.97428, -3.21054, -3.36422, -5.05466, -5.1301, -6.4392, -6.76879,
   -6.48231, -7.20196, -7.00719, -7.53373, -6.00246, -4.41058, -2.8187, -1.16621, 2.35765, 6.04694};
myintervals = Reap[
   For[i = 1, i < Length@spfn, i++, 
    If[(((0 < spfn[[i]]) && (0 < spfn[[i + 1]])) || ((spfw[[i]] < 
           0) && (spfw[[i + 1]] < 0))), 
     Sow[Interval[{spx[[i]], spx[[i + 1]]}]]]
    ]
   ][[2, 1]]

Out[5]= {Interval[{-2, -1.90577}], Interval[{-1.90577, -1.81153}], Interval[{-1.81153, -1.59327}],
 Interval[{-1.59327, -1.375}], Interval[{-1.375, -1.35785}], Interval[{-1.35785, -1.3407}],
 Interval[{-1.3407, -1.24655}], Interval[{-1.24655, -1.22941}], Interval[{-1.22941, -1.11811}],
 Interval[{-1.11811, -0.934054}], Interval[{-0.934054, -0.80167}], Interval[{-0.80167, -0.75}], 
 Interval[{-0.75, -0.625}], Interval[{-0.625, -0.5}], Interval[{-0.5, -0.25}], Interval[{-0.25, -0.0981238}], 
 Interval[{-0.0981238, 0.303752}], Interval[{0.303752, 0.651876}], Interval[{0.651876, 0.94833}],
 Interval[{0.94833, 1}], Interval[{1, 1.5}], Interval[{1.5, 1.75}], Interval[{1.75, 2.11731}],
 Interval[{3.3125, 3.75}], Interval[{3.75, 4}], Interval[{4, 4.00964}], Interval[{4.00964, 4.01928}], 
 Interval[{4.01928, 4.25964}], Interval[{4.25964, 4.36731}], Interval[{4.36731, 4.5}], Interval[{4.5, 4.75}],
 Interval[{4.75, 5}], Interval[{5, 5.25}], Interval[{5.25, 5.5}], Interval[{5.75, 6}]}

In[6]:= IntervalUnion @@ myintervals

Out[6]= Interval[{-2, 2.11731}, {3.3125, 5.5}, {5.75, 6}]

I'll explain a little, starting with your first post. Print[] turns expressions into text that you can read, but the result of that isn't something Mathematica can calculate with. So instead I am just going to have your If make Intervals for Mathematica to calculate with.

Now sometimes your If may find an Interval and sometimes not. So I suppose I would like a sort of bag that it could put each interval it finds into the bag. Once the For is finished I would like to do an IntervalUnion on the contents of the bag. Reap creates a "bag" where Sow can put things and after the Reap is finished it gives you the contents of the bag. You can read the examples in the help system.

Now the help shows IntervalUnion[Interval[..],Interval[..]] but what we got from Reap was {Interva[..],Interval[..]} and that is wrapped in {} to make it a list. We want to strip off those {} outside the Interval and put that inside IntervalUnion. @@ will do that. You can look up @@ in the help system and try to understand how it works.

So this has introduced some new ideas for you to try to understand.

See if this works for you.

POSTED BY: Bill Simpson
POSTED BY: Julia Ilkiv

Oops, didn't read the first response well enough.

POSTED BY: Julia Ilkiv

Thank you very much!!! You absolutely helped me:)

POSTED BY: Julia Ilkiv

Help me, please :(

POSTED BY: Julia Ilkiv
Posted 11 years ago
POSTED BY: Bill Simpson
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