No. At least not in an easy way. The Mathematica notebook is much more advanced.

Markdown language is easy to use for writing notes. Even though mathematical notebooks offer lots of features in the format of the text I guess it is behind the simplicity of the markdown language. Besides, more importantly, not everyone in our group has a license for Mathematica. Hence some of us are using the wolfram kernel via jupyter notebooks. It would be better if the conversion was possible.

Easy!

1. Download the Jupyter notebook as Markdown file.
   • Alternatively, use jupytext to convert ".ipynb" files into ".md" files.
2. Use the Markdown-to-Mathematica converter.

Easy!

1. Convert Mathematica notebook to Markdown file using M2MD.

   • Needs Mathematica.

2. Convert Markdown file to Jupyter notebook using jupytext.

I have requested recently to be able to run M2MD without Mathematica -- see the issues of that GitHub repository. (I.e. using WolframEngine and/or wolframscript.)

Unfortunately, this is not possible, you have to learn Mathematics because it is better in my opinion. Besides that for my writings I use https://sunnypapers.com/paper-samples/lord-of-the-flies/ because there are funny topics like Lord of the flies here)) This amuses me, especially because from here you can get a lot of information that will look pretty good for my project.