Dear James, welcome to Wolfram Community! A person who was starting from BASIC too here :-) There are many examples of "simple data analysis program". For instance, depending on wha you need, you can find some simple starting guides here:
How to | Do Statistical Analysis
Generally speaking Mathematica is perfectly capable of both procedural (BASIC-like) and functional programming. Actually its strength is in so called multi-paradigm programming approach. These are procedural functions guide if this is what you have been asking:
https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/ProceduralProgramming.html
But I assure you there are much more to it than that making actually live of scientists easier. Perhaps you can narrow down for us what you need or maybe some of these courses could be helpful:
https://www.wolfram.com/wolfram-u/courses/catalog/?topic=data-science