You can actually see the test code used in the benchmarking. The code for "Matrix Arithmetic" in Mathematica 10 is the following.
Module[{m},
AbsoluteTiming[SeedRandom[1]; m = RandomReal[{}, {840, 840}];
Do[(1.` + 0.5` m)^127, {50}];]]
On my laptop (MacBook Pro Late 2013, i5 2.4GHz), the output is {1.842847, Null} by Mathematica 10, while it is {1.115800, Null} by Mathematica 9. From run to run, the exact time changes, but it is certain that M10 runs slower than M9 for this code.
I have observed that the number of processing cores was detected to be 2 in M10, while it is 4 in M9. I changed the number of parallel kernels
manually, but it didn't affect the output of the code above.
On the other hand, the "Matrix Multiplication"
Module[{m1, m2},
AbsoluteTiming[SeedRandom[1]; m1 = RandomReal[{}, {1050, 1050}];
m2 = RandomReal[{}, {1050, 1050}]; Do[m1.m2, {12}]]]
gives {0.581776, Null} by M10, and {1.421713, Null} by M9. Again, the exact time fluctuates a bit, but it is certain that M10 runs the multiplication faster than M9.